Add Aufgabe 3 and start swift project

.gitignore

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+.DS_Store
+/.build
+/Packages
+xcuserdata/
+DerivedData/
+.swiftpm/configuration/registries.json
+.swiftpm/xcode/package.xcworkspace/contents.xcworkspacedata
+.netrc

.vscode/launch.json

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+{
+  "configurations": [
+    {
+      "type": "swift",
+      "request": "launch",
+      "args": [],
+      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder:m323}",
+      "name": "Debug m323",
+      "target": "m323",
+      "configuration": "debug",
+      "preLaunchTask": "swift: Build Debug m323"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "swift",
+      "request": "launch",
+      "args": [],
+      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder:m323}",
+      "name": "Release m323",
+      "target": "m323",
+      "configuration": "release",
+      "preLaunchTask": "swift: Build Release m323"
+    }
+  ]
+}

03/Aufgabe3.swift

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+import Foundation
+
+// 3.1
+func calculateSum(items: [Int]) -> Int {
+    var sum = 0
+    for item in items {
+        sum += item
+    }
+    return sum
+}
+
+let items = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+print(calculateSum(items: items))
+
+// 3.2
+func calculateAverage(items: [Int]) -> Int {
+    let sum = items.reduce(0, +)
+
+    if !items.isEmpty {
+        let avg = sum / items.count
+        return avg
+    }
+
+    return 0
+}
+
+print(calculateAverage(items: items))
+
+// 3.3
+
+func sortListAlphabetical(items: [String]) -> [String] {
+    return items.sorted()
+}
+
+let stringItems = ["ABC", "CDF", "BDC"]
+
+print(sortListAlphabetical(items: stringItems))
+
+// 3.4
+
+struct ComplexType {
+    var date = Date()
+    var priority: Int
+    var title: String
+}
+
+func sortComplexType(items: [ComplexType]) -> [ComplexType] {
+    return items.sorted {
+        ($0.date, $0.priority, $0.title) < ($1.date, $1.priority, $1.title)
+    }
+}
+
+let now = Date()
+let calendar = Calendar.current
+
+let sampleData = [
+    ComplexType(
+        date: now,
+        priority: 1,
+        title: "Submit Quarterly Report"
+    ),
+    ComplexType(
+        date: calendar.date(byAdding: .day, value: -1, to: now)!,
+        priority: 2,
+        title: "Review Pull Request"
+    ),
+    ComplexType(
+        date: calendar.date(byAdding: .day, value: 1, to: now)!,
+        priority: 1,
+        title: "Project Kickoff Meeting"
+    ),
+    ComplexType(
+        date: now,
+        priority: 3,
+        title: "Update Documentation"
+    ),
+    ComplexType(
+        date: calendar.date(byAdding: .hour, value: -5, to: now)!,
+        priority: 2,
+        title: "Check System Logs"
+    ),
+]
+
+print(sortComplexType(items: sampleData))
+
+// Aufgabe 3.5
+
+struct Tree {
+    var branches: [Branch]
+}
+
+struct Branch {
+    var branches: [Branch]
+    var leaves: [Leaf]
+}
+
+struct Leaf {
+    var color: String
+    var name: String
+}
+
+let leafA = Leaf(color: "Green", name: "Oak Leaf Alpha")
+let leafB = Leaf(color: "Yellow", name: "Oak Leaf Beta")
+let leafC = Leaf(color: "Green", name: "Oak Leaf Gamma")
+
+let smallBranch = Branch(
+    branches: [],
+    leaves: [leafC]
+)
+
+let mainBranch1 = Branch(
+    branches: [smallBranch],  // Contains the sub-branch
+    leaves: [leafA]
+)
+
+let mainBranch2 = Branch(
+    branches: [],
+    leaves: [leafB]
+)
+
+let myTree = Tree(branches: [mainBranch1, mainBranch2])
+
+func getLeaves(tree: Tree) -> [Leaf] {
+    var leaves = [Leaf]()
+    var stack = tree.branches
+    while !stack.isEmpty {
+        let currentBranch = stack.removeLast()
+
+        leaves.append(contentsOf: currentBranch.leaves)
+
+        stack.append(contentsOf: currentBranch.branches)
+
+    }
+
+    return leaves
+}
+
+let result = getLeaves(tree: myTree)
+for leaf in result {
+    print("\(leaf.name) (\(leaf.color))")
+}

03/PureOrNotPure.md

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+# Pure or not Pure
+
+| Aufgabe | Nur ein Rückgabewert | Resultat nur Abhängig von übergebenen Parametern | Verändert keine existierenden Werte | pure oder impure |
+| ------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------- | ---------------- |
+| 1.1     | Ja                   | Nein                                             | Nein                                | impure           |
+| 1.2     | Ja                   | Ja                                               | Ja                                  | pure             |
+| 1.3     | Ja                   | ja                                               | Ja                                  | pure             |
+| 1.4     | Ja                   | Nein                                             | Ja                                  | impure           |
+| 1.5     | Ja                   | Ja                                               | Ja                                  | pure             |
+| 1.6     | Ja                   | Ja                                               | Nein                                | impure           |
+
+## Aufgabe 1.1
+
+```js
+function addToCartItems(items, item) {
+  return [...items, item];
+}
+
+let cartItems = [];
+cartItems = addToCartItems(cartItems, "Apple");
+console.log(cartItems); // Ausgabe: ['Apple']
+cartItems = addToCartItems(cartItems, "Banana");
+console.log(cartItems); // Ausgabe: ['Apple', 'Banana']
+cartItems = addToCartItems(cartItems, "Orange");
+console.log(cartItems); // Ausgabe: ['Apple', 'Banana', 'Orange']
+```
+
+## Aufgabe 1.2
+
+```js
+function add(a, b) {
+  return a + b;
+}
+
+console.log(add(5, 3)); // Ausgabe: 8
+console.log(add(2, 4)); // Ausgabe: 6
+```
+
+## Aufgabe 1.3
+
+```js
+function firstCharacter(str) {
+  return str.charAt(0);
+}
+
+console.log(firstCharacter("Hello")); // Ausgabe: H
+console.log(firstCharacter("JavaScript")); // Ausgabe: J
+```
+
+## Aufgabe 1.4
+
+```js
+// Methode, um eine Zahl mit einem zufälligen Wert zu multiplizieren
+function multiplyWithRandom(number, randomValue) {
+  return number * randomValue;
+}
+
+console.log(multiplyWithRandom(5, Math.random())); // Ausgabe: Eine zufällige Zahl zwischen 0 und 5
+console.log(multiplyWithRandom(10, Math.random())); // Ausgabe: Eine zufällige Zahl zwischen 0 und 10
+```
+
+## Aufgabe 1.5
+
+```js
+// Funktion zum Teilen einer Zahl durch eine andere
+function divideNumbers(dividend, divisor) {
+  return dividend / divisor;
+}
+
+console.log(divideNumbers(10, 2)); // Ausgabe: 5
+console.log(divideNumbers(8, 4)); // Ausgabe: 2
+```
+
+## Aufgabe 1.6
+
+```js
+// Methode zum Ausgeben und Rückgeben einer Zeichenkette
+function printAndReturnString(str) {
+  return str; // Rückgabe der Zeichenkette
+}
+
+console.log(printAndReturnString("Hello")); // Ausgabe: Hello
+```

Package.swift

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+// swift-tools-version: 6.3
+// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to build this package.
+
+import PackageDescription
+
+let package = Package(
+    name: "m323",
+    targets: [
+        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
+        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products from dependencies.
+        .executableTarget(
+            name: "m323"
+        ),
+        .testTarget(
+            name: "m323Tests",
+            dependencies: ["m323"]
+        ),
+    ],
+    swiftLanguageModes: [.v6]
+)

Sources/m323/m323.swift

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+// The Swift Programming Language
+// https://docs.swift.org/swift-book
+
+@main
+struct m323 {
+    static func main() {
+        print("Hello, world!")
+    }
+}